ICD-10 Classification of Speech, Language, and Communication Disorders

• F80 Specific Disorders of Speech and Language
  • Disorders characterized by disturbed normal language acquisition from early development stages.
  • Not directly attributable to:
    • Neurological or speech mechanism abnormalities.
    • Sensory impairments.
    • Intellectual disability (mental retardation).
    • Environmental factors.
  • Often associated with:
    • Reading and spelling difficulties.
    • Abnormal interpersonal relationships.
    • Emotional and behavioral disorders.
• F80.0 Specific Speech Articulation Disorder
  • Developmental disorder where speech sound use is below mental age level, but language skills are normal.
  • Includes:
    • Developmental phonological disorder.
    • Speech articulation disorder.
    • Dyslalia.
    • Functional speech articulation disorder.
    • Lalling.
  • Excludes:
    • Speech articulation impairment due to:
      • Aphasia NOS (R47.0).
      • Apraxia (R48.2).
      • Hearing loss (H90–H91).
      • Intellectual disability (F70–F79).
    • Language developmental disorder:
      • Expressive (F80.1).
      • Receptive (F80.2).
• F80.1 Expressive Language Disorder
  • Developmental disorder where expressive spoken language ability is markedly below mental age level, while comprehension is normal.
  • May or may not involve articulation abnormalities.
  • Includes:
    • Developmental dysphasia or aphasia, expressive type.
  • Excludes:
    • Acquired aphasia with epilepsy [Landau-Kleffner] (F80.3).
    • Dysphasia and aphasia:
      • NOS (R47.0).
      • Developmental, receptive type (F80.2).
    • Elective mutism (F94.0).
    • Intellectual disability (F70–F79).
    • Pervasive developmental disorders (F84.–).
• F80.2 Receptive Language Disorder
  • Developmental disorder where language comprehension is below mental age level, typically affecting expressive language as well.
  • Common abnormalities in word-sound production.
  • Includes:
    • Congenital auditory imperceptions.
    • Developmental dysphasia or aphasia, receptive type.
    • Wernicke aphasia.
    • Word deafness.
  • Excludes:
    • Acquired aphasia with epilepsy (Landau-Kleffner) (F80.3).
    • Autism (F84.0–F84.1).
    • Dysphasia and aphasia:
      • NOS (R47.0).
      • Developmental, expressive type (F80.1).
    • Elective mutism (F94.0).
    • Language delay due to deafness (H90–H91).
    • Intellectual disability (F70–F79).
• F80.3 Acquired Aphasia with Epilepsy (Landau-Kleffner)
  • Disorder where a child loses both receptive and expressive language skills after normal development, retaining general intelligence.
  • Onset:
    • Typically between ages 3–7 years.
    • Associated with paroxysmal EEG abnormalities and epileptic seizures.
    • Skills lost over days or weeks.
  • Possible cause: inflammatory encephalitic process.
  • Excludes:
    • Aphasia due to:
      • NOS (R47.0).
      • Autism (F84.0–F84.1).
      • Disintegrative childhood disorders (F84.2–F84.3).
• F80.8 Other Developmental Disorders of Speech and Language
  • Includes:
    • Lisping.
• F80.9 Developmental Disorder of Speech and Language, Unspecified
  • Includes:
    • Language disorder NOS.