Non-Invasive Techniques for Monitoring Fetal Hypoxemia and Acidosis
- Historically, direct percutaneous needle sampling of fetal cord blood provided insights into fetal hypoxemia and acidosis but has largely been replaced by non-invasive techniques.
- Chronic fetal hypoxemia can lead to severe consequences, including fetal demise, intrapartum metabolic acidosis, and long-term neurodevelopmental impairment.
- Significant fetal acidemia is strongly associated with increased perinatal mortality, morbidity, and neurological adverse outcomes.
Integrated Non-Invasive Testing Panel
- Current monitoring strategies integrate ultrasound, fetal heart rate (FHR), and Doppler ultrasound into scores such as the biophysical profile score (BPS).
- The fetus typically tolerates moderate chronic hypoxemia but risks catastrophic outcomes when hypoxemia progresses to metabolic acidosis.
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