Vagal Nerve Stimulation (VNS) is a neuromodulatory therapy approved for the treatment of drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE), particularly in patients who are not candidates for resective surgery.
Initially approved by the FDA in 1997 for adults, VNS was later approved for use in children ≥4 years of age with refractory focal epilepsy.
Used adjunctively, VNS does not typically achieve seizure freedom but can significantly reduce seizure frequency and improve quality of life.
