Maternal Diabetes Mellitus and Fetal Development
- Maternal diabetes mellitus (DM) significantly impacts fetal development due to maternal hyperglycemia, which adversely affects organ formation and function.
- Diabetes during pregnancy occurs in two forms:
- Pregestational Diabetes Mellitus (Type 1 or 2): Present before conception; risk of hyperglycemia during early fetal development.
- Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: Develops usually in the third trimester, post-major organogenesis.
Impact of Pregestational Diabetes Mellitus
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