Rippling Muscle Disease (RMD) is a rare inherited muscle disorder classified as a caveolinopathy, primarily caused by mutations in the CAV3 gene, which encodes caveolin-3, a protein critical for muscle cell membrane stability.

Key Clinical Features:

1. Rippling and Mounding:

   • Muscle mounding: Localized bulging of muscles when tapped or percussed.
   • Rippling movements: Rolling or wave-like movements of muscles triggered by stretching or contraction.

2. Pain and Stiffness:

   • Muscle stiffness, cramps, and pain, especially post-exercise.

3. Calf Hypertrophy:

   • Occasionally present, characterized by visibly enlarged calf muscles.

4. Electrically Silent Muscle Contractions:

   • Despite clinical muscle activity, EMG (electromyography) shows no electrical discharges during mounding or rippling.

5. Absence of Weakness or Atrophy:

   • Unlike other myopathies, muscle strength is preserved, and muscle wasting is uncommon.

Genetic and Molecular Basis:

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